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Strategically speaking, Jordan's Hashemite Kingdom is in the Middle East. Various landscapes surround Jordan: Syria to the north, Iraq to the northeast, Saudi Arabia to the east and south, the Red Sea to the south, and Israel and the Palestinian National Authority to the west. The country has an area of 89,213 square kilometres, with desert occupying about 75% of that area.
Jordan is a nation with a rich past. Many of the great civilisations of the world's past have left behind remnants in this region, which has been the site of some of humanity's first settlements and villages.
Jordan and Palestine's territory has functioned as a vital hub for connecting Asia, Europe, and the Middle East since it is the Middle East's crossroads. Europe and Africa. As a result, since the beginning of civilisation, Jordan has played a significant role as a commercial and communication route connecting north and south, east and west. Jordan still performs this function today.
Jordan's climate is typified by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The country's average yearly temperature ranges from 12 to 25 C, with midsummer highs reaching 40 C. Average annual rainfall ranges from 50 millimetres in the desert to 800 millimetres in the northern slopes, some of which turns to snow.
From the Jordan Rift Valley in the West to the desert plains in the East, Jordan is blessed with various geological features and tiny hills that stretch across the entire country in between.
The Dead Sea, which is located 408 metres below sea level in Jordan, is thought to be the lowest spot on earth. In comparison, Jebel Umm El Dami, which is 1854 metres above sea level, is the highest point in Jordan.
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, which was carved out of the desert following the Great Arab Revolt and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, is a relatively modern state. Its current King is just the fourth member of his family to hold the Hashemite throne.
Based on a Constitution adopted in 1952, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is a constitutional monarchy with a representative government. The current head of state, His Majesty King Abdullah II, is Jordan's head of state, chief executive, and supreme armed forces commander. The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, or Cabinet, serving as the King's agents in his executive duties. The elected House of Deputies, along with the House of Notables (Senate), makes up the legislative branch of the government. The elected House of Deputies holds the Cabinet accountable in their presence. In Jordan, the judicial branch is a separate executive branch division.
Approximately 6.3 million people call Jordan home today, with roughly 2 million residing in Amman, the country's capital. Jordan's population is also youthful, with 41% of people under 15. Rates of education, literacy and social well-being are generally high when compared to other countries. The small nation of Jordan has few natural resources. Currently, the nation is looking into ways to increase its meagre water supply and better use its current water resources, especially through regional cooperation. Most of Jordan's energy needs are met by sources outside the country. The World Bank categorises Jordan as a "lower middle income country." $5,749 is the GDP per capita.
Jordan's main tourist attractions are various historic locales, such as Petra, its distinctive desert castles, pristine natural areas, and cultural and religious landmarks. The Dead Sea, which is located 408 metres below sea level in Jordan, is thought to be the lowest spot on earth. Jebel Umm El Dami, located 1854 metres above sea level, is Jordan's highest point.